With Schirra's
flight, the United States had five men who had been to space. The
Soviets had four men who could make that claim. It seemed like
another long gap since the last Vostok had flown. The Soviets had
not given up, but what were they up to?
The Soviet space effort was a
program was shrouded in secrecy. The Soviets would take bold
steps, but
they would not announce them in advance. This was in stark
contrast with
the open policy of the Americans.
The final chapter in the Mercury program
would be the flight of Mercury Atlas
9. Leroy Gordon Cooper was selected as the commander for that
mission. The name that Cooper chose for his spacecraft was Faith
7.
Cooper said that this name expressed "my
trust in God, my country, and my teammates."
The launch of MA-9 was targeted for May of
1963. This was two full years
after Shepard's historic first Mercury flight in 1961. Over those
two
years many improvements had been made with the Mercury spacecraft.
The goal of Cooper's mission was to
remain in orbit for a full day. During the flight Astronaut Cooper
would eat,
drink, and sleep in space. He would also take many medical
measurements.
All of these tasks were intended to study how man adapted to the space
environment.
On May 15, 1963, the countdown proceeded towards the moment
of ignition. The person in the launch complex blockhouse who
communicates with the astronaut in the spacecraft is referred to as
"Stony". Stony counted down "10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5,
4, 3, 2, 1, 0." One second after ignition, Capcom Schirra
informed Astronaut Cooper, "Liftoff."
At 2 seconds after liftoff, Astronaut Cooper reported, "Roger.
I have liftoff and the clock is operation." Capcom
Schirra acknowledged, "Roger, clock."
Astronaut Cooper responded, "Sigma Seven, Faith
Seven on the way."
At 25 seconds into the mission, Capcom Schirra informed
Astronaut Cooper, "You look good here, Gordo." Cooper replied, "Roger. Feels good
buddy."
At 30 seconds Cooper
reported, "Thirty seconds, and
fuel is GO. Oxygen is GO. Cabin pressure is on the top peg.
Altimeter is working." Capcom
Schirra replied, "Roger. You're looking beautiful."
Astronaut Cooper exclaimed,
"Wow, what an afterburner!'
At 1 minute and 37
seconds, Schirra informed Cooper, "Pitch 32 [degrees], looks good."
Cooper reported, "Roger. The sun is
coming in the window now." Capcom Schirra replied, "Roger. Standing by for your BECO."
It was now
nearing the time when the booster engines were scheduled to cut off and
stating should occur.
At 1 minute and 58
seconds, Astronaut Cooper reported, "Running pretty
smooth now." Capcom Schirra replied, "Good show."
At 2 minutes and 2 seconds, Cooper reported, "Two minutes.
Standing by for BECO." Schirra answered, "Roger. Timeout
good."
Cooper reported, "Roger. Have BECO."
Schirra acknowledged, "Roger. Your BECO.
Confirm staging." Cooper responded, "And you can feel
the staging - waiting on the tower." The tower he was referring
to was the jettison of the escape tower at the top of the rocket.
Schirra reported to Cooper, "Very good on BECO
time. SECO should be nominal." This meant that the
sustainer engine cutoff should occur at the expected time.
At 3 minutes and 24
seconds, Astronaut Cooper reported, "All electrical is
GO. Pressure is GO. Oxygen is Go. Sigma, Faith Seven is all GO."
Schirra answered, "We have a full GO
here for you, Gordo."
At 4 minutes and 48
seconds, Capcom Schirra reported, "You have a real
sweet trajectory, Gordo." Cooper replied, "Excellent."
At 5 minutes and 4
seconds, Cooper reported sustainer engine cutoff, "I have SECO, Sep
Cap." Schirra replied, "Right in there,
baby." Cooper reported, "Have Sep Cap
green. SECO. I'm no Aux Damp. - Going fly-by-wire." "Sep
Cap green" meant that on Cooper's control panel an indicator light
confirmed that the capsule had separated from the booster.
At 5 minutes and 24
seconds, Cooper reported, "Everything is green
here." Schirra replied "middle of the plot."
Schirra then added, "Seven, your turn
around looks beautiful." Cooper replied, "Roger. She's
yawing around very nicely. What a view. Boy oh boy!"
The launch phase for Mercury Atlas 9 was picture perfect right along
the flight plan.
At 6 minutes and 47
seconds, Cooper reported, "Booster is still
smoking. It looks silver, Wally." Schirra replied, "Good."
The beginning of the MA-9 flight was
fairly nominal. As time went on in the mission, systems on board
Faith 7
begin to fail and Cooper's required activities became much more
hectic.
Astronaut Cooper managed these problems very well. He was able to
remain
in orbit for 22 revolutions and this exceeded his goal of staying in
space for
one day.
The time was nearing when Cooper's spacecraft would return
to Earth. At 33 hours, 57 minutes and 27 seconds into the flight,
Capsule communicator John Glenn asked Cooper about his alignment, "How's the window
attitude? Check Okay?" Cooper answered, "Roger. Right on the
old gazoo." Glenn's response was, "That's the way boy."
Cooper would be required to fire the retrorockets
manually. At 33 hours, 59 minutes, and 30 seconds, Capcom Glenn
informed Cooper, "The next 10 count
will be a countdown to your manual retro. Over." Coper
acknowledged, "Roger."
Glenn then gave cooper the retrofire count, "10, 9, 8, 7, 6,
squib arm, 4, 3,2,1, fire." Cooper replied, "Roger, I think I
got all three." Glenn replied, "Roger. How did your
attitude hold, Gordo?" Cooper's response was, "Well, pretty fine."
Indeed Cooper's alignment and retro timing were done with great
precision.
Cooper was right on. Faith 7
landed only 4 miles away from the prime recovery ship USS
Kearsage. It
would be the most accurate landing in the Mercury program. It
beat
Schirra's standard by one half mile.
The mission duration for MA-9 was 1 day, 10
hours, 19 minutes, and 49 seconds.
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